The objective of this study is to assess a level of microbial contamination in the KTX. Investigation sites in the KTX were cabin, gateway, toilet and passenger seat. It was found that the mean concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi were 157 CFU/㎥ and 84 CFU/㎥, respectively, in all of the investigation sites of the KTX. They did not exceed the domestic standard (800 CFU/㎥) for airborne bacteria and the guideline (150 CFU/㎥) for airborne fungi recommended by WHO. Mean levels of bacteria and fungi distributed in passenger seat were 2.6×105 cfu/㎠ and 3.7×104 cfu/㎠, respectively. The predominant genera identified in the KTX were Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus and Micrococcus for bacteria and Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium for fungi, respectively. Based on identification result, the profiles of airborne bacteria and fungi in the KTX was wholly similar to those of bacteria and fungi distributed in the passenger seat. Keywords： KTX, bacteria, fungi, cabin, identification